The new Tainos was indeed pre-Columbian inhabitants of your Bahamas, Greater Antilles, as well as the north Lesser Antilles. It is considered that the fresh new seafaring Tainos have been friends of your Arawakan people of South usa. Their code are a person in the fresh Maipurean linguistic loved ones, and therefore ranges off South america over the Caribbean.
At the time of Columbus’s coming in 1492, there are five Taino kingdoms and territories into Hispaniola (present day Dominican Republic and you will Haiti), each provided by the a primary Cacique (chieftain), to help you who tribute try paid back. As hereditary head head from Taino people, the newest cacique is reduced high tribute. Caciques appreciated the fresh right of putting on fantastic pendants titled guanin, residing in rectangular bohios instead of the round of these the fresh new villagers inhabited, and you may seated to the wood stools whenever getting site visitors. During brand new Spanish conquest, the largest Taino populace locations may have contains up to step 3,000 someone or more.
The brand new Tainos was in fact historic locals and you may opponents of the strong Carib tribes, another group which have sources from inside the South usa who lived principally in the latest Less Antilles
To possess much of brand new fifteenth century, the brand new Taino tribe was being inspired to the Northeast on Caribbean (out of what exactly is now South america) due to raids of the strong Caribs (Many Carib women spoke Taino from the great number of women Taino captives included in this).
The first filed smallpox episode for the Hispaniola occurred in 1507. It’s argued that there try substantial mestizaje including numerous Indian pueblos one survived towards the 19th century into the Cuba. The brand new Spaniards which earliest arrived in the newest Bahamas, Cuba and Hispaniola for the 1492, and later into the Puerto Rico, didn’t render women. It grabbed Taino women for their wives, and this contributed to mestizo youngsters.
Conditions The term „Taino” appear straight from Columbus. This new native individuals the guy discovered in his basic trip entitled by themselves „Taino”, meaning „good” otherwise „noble”, to tell apart by themselves regarding Island-Caribs. This term put on all the Island Tainos plus those in the brand new Minimal Antilles. Locally, the fresh Tainos described themselves by the name of its location. Such as for example https://kissbrides.com/russian-women/magnitogorsk/, those in Puerto Rico called themselves Boricua (which means that individuals from the area of your valiant commendable lords) its area try called Borike’n (High residential property of your own valiant good lord) and those occupying the latest Bahamas named by themselves Lucayo (small isles).
Specific ethnohistorians, eg Daniel Garrison Brinton, known as exact same culture of men and women „Island Arawak” from the Arawakan word having cassava flour, an essential of your competition. From this, the text and individuals were eventually entitled „Arawak”. Yet not, modern students look at this an error. Individuals which called themselves Arawak stayed simply on the Guianas and Trinidad in addition to their vocabulary and you may people differ from that from this new Taino.
From the eighteenth century, Taino people ended up being devastated from the introduced diseases such smallpox, and also other problems such as for example intermarriages and forced consumption towards the newest plantation benefit one to The country of spain imposed within its Caribbean territories, with its then importation of African servant professionals
Going right on through day, additional editors, traveler, historians, linguists, anthropologists, an such like., have interchangeably used these types of terms. Taino has been used so you can mean more Antillean people simply, those people and the Bahamas people, those and the Leeward Isles tribes otherwise every one of these excluding this new Puerto Rican people and Leeward people. Area Taino has been utilized to mention to those living in the Windward Countries just, those in the new northern Caribbean simply otherwise those people surviving in any of the countries. Progressive historians, linguists and anthropologists now keep that label Taino is to send to any or all Taino/Arawak tribes except for the fresh Caribs. The brand new Caribs aren’t viewed by anthropologists nor historians to be an identical some body regardless if linguists are debating if the Carib code are an Arawakan dialect otherwise creole vocabulary – or at least a definite vocabulary, that have an Arawakan pidgin tend to included in communication.
